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IRIX 6.2 Documentation
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
IRIX 6.2 is an upwardly compatible revision of IRIX 5 and IRIX 6. This is
the first release that merges the 5.3 (32-bit) and 6.1 (64-bit) releases of
software across our product line. This bundles an important new file system
(XFS), while providing a number of improved kernel threads and greater
graphics/kernel modularity speeding user requests and limiting system
bottlenecks. IRIX 6.2 incorporates IRIX 5.3 features not previously
avialable in IRIX 6. IRIX 6.2 incorporates substantial functionality from
UNIX System V, Releases 4.1 and 4.2 (SVR4).
The following documents are included herein:
* Preparing for IRIX 6.2 & 64-bit, A Nutshell view and series of pointers
* IRIX 6.2 for System and Network Administrators, Pipeline, May/June, 1996
* IRIX 6.2 README FIRST
* IRIX 6.2 Instructions for Customers Updating From Earlier IRIX Releases
* IRIX 6.2 Datasheet, June 18, 1996
* IRIX 6.2 Technical Specifications, January 10, 1996
* Introduction to RogueWave Tools.h++ Libraries for Irix 6.2
----------------------------------------------------
* IRIX 6.2 64-Bit Architecture and Standards Technical Report, April 16, 1996
* IRIX 6.2 New Features List
* N32 Welcome to MIPSpro N32 ABI overview
* MIPSpro(TM) N32 ABI Handbook
* MIPSpro 64-Bit Porting and Transition Guide
* IRIX 6.2 Device Driver Programming Guide
* Programming on Silicon Graphics Systems: An Overview
* Topics in IRIX Programming
* SGITCL Programmer's Guide
* Documentation Catalog for IRIX 6.2
* Preparing to Upgrade to IRIX 6.2
* The Coff Story -- End of Coff Support
* IRIX 6.2 Execution/Compilation Table
* 6.2 IRIX Admin Manual Set
o IRIX Admin: System Configuration and Operation
o IRIX Admin: Disks and Filesystems
o IRIX Admin: Peripheral Devices
o IRIX Admin: Networking and Mail
o IRIX Admin: Backup, Security, and Accounting
o IRIX Admin: Software Installation and Licensing
* Preparing for IRIX 6.2 & 64-bit, A Nutshell view and series of pointers
* IRIX 6.2 for System and Network Administrators, Pipeline, May/June,
1996
This article discusses topics of interest to a system or
network administrator, or anyone that is responsible for
maintaining an IRIS system.
This article contains several items that system and network
administrators should be aware of before upgrading to IRIX 6.2. It
is strongly suggested that this article be read before upgrading
to IRIX 6.2.
* IRIX 6.2 README FIRST -- Before upgrading to IRIX 6.2 please read this
information
* IRIX 6.2 Instructions for Customers Updating From Earlier IRIX Releases
This was something sent out to all people with an SGI support
contract. 3 pages, it discusses,
+ Installation Conflicts
+ References to IRIX 5.3, eoe1, and eoe2
+ IRIX 6.2 Supported Systems
+ References to "Beta" Software
+ XPG4
+ NetLS-Based Licenses
+ Incorrect Release Numbers
+ Missing Release Notes
+ Infinite Reality
* IRIX 6.2 Datasheet, June 18, 1996
* IRIX 6.2 Technical Specifications, January 10, 1996
* Introduction to RogueWave Tools.h++ Libraries for Irix 6.2
This article shows how to get started with the Tools.h++ collection
and utility classes available in the Irix 6.2 compiler configuration,
including the ANSI Class library support via Tools.h++.
----------------------------------------------------------------
* IRIX 6.2 64-Bit Architecture and Standards Technical Report, April 22,
1996
* IRIX 6.2 New Features List document, March, 1996
* Welcome to MIPSpro N32 ABI overview
* MIPSpro(TM) N32 ABI Handbook, March, 1996
o HTML format
o PostScript:
complete book as single file:
+ compressed PostScript (55 pages)
+ uncompressed PostScript
each chapter/section as a separate file:
+ Table of Contents (chapters as separate files)
This book describes the N32 High Performance 32-bit Application
Binary Interface (ABI) for the MIPS architecture. Topics include:
o Chapter 1, "N32 ABI Overview"
+ "What is N32?," which describes the n32 ABI and compares it
with the other MIPS ABIs.
+ "Why We Need a New ABI," which lists the reasons why we need
a new ABI.
+ "N32 Migration Requirements," which describes what is
required of both SGI and its customers to use the n32 ABI.
o Chapter 2, "Calling Convention Implementations"
o Chapter 3, "N32 Compatibility, Porting, and Assembly Language
Programming Issues"
o Chapter 4, "N32 Examples and Case Studies"
This document uses the following terminology:
o32 -- The current 32-bit ABI generated by the ucode compiler,
that is, 32-bit compilers prior to IRIX 6.1 operating system.
n32 -- The new 32-bit ABI generated by the MIPSpro 64-bit
compiler.
n64 -- The new 64-bit ABI generated by the MIPSpro 64-bit
compiler.
* MIPSpro 64-Bit Porting and Transition Guide, March 1996
This document describes porting and transitioning to the MIPSpro
32-bit, 64-bit and high performance 32-bit (N32) compilers, and how to
employ them with IRIX 6.2, as well as providing techniques for tuning
the performance of your R8000 applications.
* IRIX 6.2 Device Driver Programming Guide, March 1996
This guide describes the ways in which hardware devices are
integrated into and controlled from a Silicon Graphics computer system
running the IRIX operating system version 6.2 and above.
Three general classes of device-control software exist in an IRIX
system: process-level drivers, kernel-level drivers, and STREAMS
drivers.
o A process-level driver executes as part of a user-initiated
process. Examples include the use of programmed I/O (PIO) to the
VME bus, and control of external interrupts in a Challenge system.
o A kernel-level driver is loaded as part of the IRIX kernel and
executes in the kernel address space, controlling one device in
response to calls to its read, write, and ioctl (control) entry
points.
o A STREAMS driver is dynamically loaded into the kernel address
space to monitor or modify a stream of data passing between a
device and a user process.
All three classes are discussed in this guide, although the greatest
amount of attention is given to kernel-level drivers.
Note: This edition applies only to IRIX 6.2 and later. If you are
working with an earlier release (4.x, 5.2, 5.3, 6.0.x, or 6.1), you
should use the version of this manual appropriate to that release.
* Programming on Silicon Graphics Systems: An Overview, March 1996
o HTML format
o compressed PostScript Table of Contents (chapters as separate
files)
If your goal is to write application programs that run on Silicon
Graphics computers, and if you know quite a bit about UNIX but not much
about the IRIX operating system, this book is for you. It doesn't tell
you everything you need to know to write your IRIX application, but it
does give you an overview of IRIX and the tools and libraries it
provides, and it tells you where to go to learn more.
The IRIX operating system is Silicon Graphics' implementation of the
UNIX operating system. All application programs written for Silicon
Graphics platforms run in the IRIX environment. Writing an application
with a graphical user interface that runs on Silicon Graphics platforms
requires the IRIX operating system, a compiler for your source code,
tools to build your user interface, tools to debug and tune your
program, and typically one or more application libraries. This guide
describes the software Silicon Graphics provides to perform these
tasks.
What You Should Know Before Reading This Guide
This guide assumes that readers are experienced programmers who are
familiar with a UNIX programming environment, but not necessarily
familiar with IRIX. An understanding of object-oriented programming is
helpful when reading parts of this book.
* Topics in IRIX Programming, March 1996
o HTML format
o compressed PostScript Table of Contents (chapters as separate
files)
This manual discusses several topics of interest to programmers
writing applications for the IRIX operating system on Silicon Graphics
computers, including memory management, interprocess communication,
models of parallel computation, file and record locking, font access,
and internationalization.
This manual contains the following chapters:
o Chapter 1, "Process Address Space,"
tells how the virtual address space is created and how objects are
mapped into it.
o Chapter 2, "Interprocess Communication,"
describes System V and IRIX interprocess communication mechanisms.
o Chapter 3, "Models of Parallel Computation,"
gives an overview of the different ways you can specify parallel
execution in Silicon Graphics systems.
o Chapter 4, "File and Record Locking,"
describes how to lock and unlock files and parts of files from
within a program.
o Chapter 5, "Working With Fonts,"
discusses typography and font use on Silicon Graphics computers,
and describes the Font Manager library.
o Chapter 6, "Internationalizing Your Application,"
explains how to create an application that can be adapted for use
in different countries.
o Appendix A, "ISO 3166 Country Names and Abbreviations,"
lists country codes for use with internationalization and
localization.
o Appendix B, "Converting PVM Applications to MPI,"
documents the methods of porting a PVM-based application to MPI.
This manual assumes you are writing an application that executes
under IRIX version 6.2 or later, and that you are familiar with the
programming conventions of UNIX in general and IRIX in particular.
* SGITCL Programmer's Guide, March 1996
o HTML format
o compressed PostScript Table of Contents (chapters as separate
files)
Tcl is a simple interpretive programming language designed for rapid
development of user interface applications. SGITCL is a bundled product
in IRIX 6.2 that includes extended Tcl and various user interface
libraries.
This guide describes the installation and use of SGITCL, and
discusses particulars of the SGITCL implementation.
This manual contains the following chapters:
o Chapter 1, "What Tcl Offers,"
describes the advantages of working with Tcl and offers an
introduction to various programming tools related to Tcl.
o Chapter 2, "Common Tcl Extensions,"
enumerates available Tcl extensions and related components that
are included with SGITCL.
o Chapter 3, "Custom SGITCL Extensions,"
lists the Tcl extensions that are available only with SGITCL.
o Chapter 4, "Using Tcl Motif,"
offers an extended description of Tcl Motif, which allows you to
produce real Motif(TM) applications.
o Appendix A, "Extending Tcl,"
describes how to extend Tcl yourself, using C or C++ programs
bound as Tcl procedures
----------------------------------------------------------------
PLEASE NOTE: -- July 3, 1996 --
The following documentation listings will go out-of-date almost
immediately -- nevertheless, we felt this "time-snapshot" was a useful
"time beacon" reference.
----------------------------
* Documentation Catalog for IRIX 6.2 (which references its Manuals
Summary list)
This catalog lists the product documentation that is available in
printed format and can be ordered through SGI, as well as documentation
not available in printed format.
* IRIX 6.2 Manuals Listing (which references its Manuals Summary list)
* IRIX 6.2 Technical Publications BOM (Bill Of Materials)
----------------------------------------------------------------
* Preparing to Upgrade to IRIX 6.2
Provides the method to identifing COFF (IRIX 4) binaries and
replacing them with the ELF binaries IRIX 5 and later releases employ.
Includes the coffcheck utility employed to find and replace COFF
executable files on local file systems.
* The Coff Story -- End of Coff Support
COFF (Common Object File Format) is dead; long live ELF (Executable
and Linking Format)
* IRIX 6.2 Execution/Compilation Table
--------------------------------------
IRIX Admin Manual Set
New with IRIX 6.2, this set is comprised of 6 Manuals -- all of which are
included here -- intended for system administrators: those people who are
responsible for servers, multiple systems, and file structures outside the
user's home directory and immediate working directories. If you find
yourself in the position of maintaining systems for others or if you require
more information about IRIX than is in the end-user manuals, these guides
are for you. The IRIX Admin guides are available through the IRIS InSight
online viewing system:
1. IRIX Admin: System Configuration and Operation
2. IRIX Admin: Disks and Filesystems
3. IRIX Admin: Peripheral Devices
4. IRIX Admin: Networking and Mail
5. IRIX Admin: Backup, Security, and Accounting
6. IRIX Admin: Software Installation and Licensing
------------------------------------
* IRIX Admin: System Configuration and Operation, March 1996
o HTML format
o compressed PostScript Table of Contents (chapters as separate
files)
Lists good general system administration practices and describes
system administration tasks, including configuring the operating
system; managing user accounts, user processes, and disk resources;
interacting with the system while in the PROM monitor; and tuning
system performance.
How to Use This Guide
This guide is written for administrators who are responsible for
performing tasks beyond the reasonable scope of "end users."
Frequently, people who would consider themselves end users find
themselves performing advanced administrative tasks. This book has been
prepared to help both the new and experienced administrator
successfully perform all operations necessary to configure IRIX
systems. It is hoped that people who considered themselves end users in
the past will, by using this book, gain experience and confidence in
successfully performing advanced system administration tasks.
Target Audience of This Guide
This guide is intended for administrators who are responsible for
one or more systems beyond the usual user responsibility for the user's
home directory structure and immediate working directories. This guide
and its companion guides have been written to provide directions for
those who find themselves in the position of maintaining systems for
themselves and others and who require more information about IRIX
commands and system and network expertise.
* IRIX Admin: Disks and Filesystems, March 1996
o HTML format
o compressed PostScript Table of Contents (chapters as separate
files)
This guide discusses important concepts and administration
procedures for disks, filesystems, logical volumes, and guaranteed-rate
I/O. These procedures apply to all Silicon Graphics systems running the
IRIX 6.2 release or later.
This guide replaces the disks and filesystems material in the
now-obsolete IRIX Advanced Site and Server Administration Guide. It
also incorporates all of the material in the guide Getting Started With
XFS Filesystems except for the material on backup and restore, which is
now included in the guide IRIX Admin: Backup, Security, and Accounting.
The types of disks, filesystems, and logical volumes covered in this
guide are:
o SCSI disks.
Systems that run IRIX 6.2 or later use only SCSI disks.
o The Extent File System (EFS).
The EFS filesystem, a filesystem developed by Silicon Graphics,
has been the filesystem used by IRIX for many years.
o The XFS filesystem.
The XFS filesystem, a high-performance alternative to EFS
developed by Silicon Graphics, was first released for IRIX 5.3.
o lv logical volumes.
The lv logical volume system provides basic logical volumes and
has been available in IRIX for many years. Support for lv logical
volumes will be dropped in a future IRIX release.
o XLV logical volumes.
The XLV logical volume system, a high-performance logical volume
system with many advanced features was developed by Silicon
Graphics and released first for IRIX 5.3.
This guide is organized into chapters that provide reference
information (the "concepts" chapters) and chapters that give procedures
for performing disk and filesystem administration tasks. An appendix
provides in-depth information about the command fsck.
* IRIX Admin: Peripheral Devices, March 1996
o HTML format
o compressed PostScript Table of Contents (chapters as separate
files)
This guide explains how to use the system-level IRIX utilities
available with IRIS workstations and servers to set up and maintain
peripheral devices, such as terminals, modems, printers, and CD-ROM and
tape drives. Also includes specifications for the associated cables for
these devices.
If you have a graphics workstation, you may find it convenient to
use the System Manager, which is described in the Personal System
Administration Guide. That guide should be your first resource for
administering graphics workstations. Regardless of whether you use the
System Manager or the IRIX command-line interface, the results are the
same. The System Manager does not create any new files on your system,
unlike applications such as WorkSpace.
If you have a server, this book and the other books in the IRIX
Admin suite are your primary guides to system administration, since
without graphics, you cannot use the System Manager. This guide does
not describe the System Manager in great detail. Instead, it covers the
traditional shell command approach to administering peripherals with
the IRIX operating system.
* IRIX Admin: Networking and Mail, March 1996
o HTML format
o compressed PostScript Table of Contents (chapters as separate
files)
This guide explains how to set up and maintain a network of IRIS
workstations and servers. It includes information on TCP/IP networking,
including SLIP and PPP, UUCP networking, and configuring the sendmail
mail transfer agent.
The standard network communications software that runs on Silicon
Graphics workstations is derived from the networking software in the
4.3BSD UNIX releases from the University of California at Berkeley and
the Sun Microsystems RPC (remote procedure call) system. The IRIX
operating system implements the Internet Protocol suite and UNIX domain
sockets using the 4.3BSD UNIX socket mechanism. The system also
supports access to the underlying network media by means of raw
sockets.
* IRIX Admin: Backup, Security, and Accounting, March 1996
o HTML format
o compressed PostScript Table of Contents (chapters as separate
files)
Describes how to back up and restore files, how to protect your
system's and network's security, and how to track system usage on a
per-user basis.
This guide is written for system and network administrators
responsible for IRIX backups, security, or accounting. If you are
responsible for your personal workstation only, refer to the Personal
System Administrator's Guide first for this information.
What This Guide Contains
This manual documents data backup and recovery, host and network
security, and host resource auditing and accounting for IRIX computer
sites.
How to Use This Guide
You will probably use the parts of this document separately.
If you are responsible for backups, refer to Part I. Read Chapter 1
if you have yet to implement a backup policy, Chapter 2 to learn
details on the use of a particular backup tool, and Chapter 3 if you
are having trouble with backups.
If you are responsible for security, read Part II, Chapter 4 for
details on configuring IRIX host security, and Chapter 5 if you are
responsible for network security as well.
If you are responsible for system auditing, read Part III, Chapter
6.
If you are responsible for monitoring system usage, read Part III,
Chapter 7.
* IRIX Admin: Software Installation and Licensing, March 1996
o HTML format
o compressed PostScript Table of Contents (chapters as separate
files)
Explains how to install Silicon Graphics software products using
Inst, the command line interface to the IRIX installation utility, inst
(see the inst(1M) reference page). It introduces readers to Silicon
Graphics software release conventions and explains how to plan,
execute, and maintain a software installation on Silicon Graphics
workstations and servers.
Two installation methods are described in this guide:
o live installations that in which software is transferred while the
target system remains in operation
o specialized installations, called miniroot installations, that
rely on system firmware for the software transfer (This method
requires a system shutdown.)
This guide contains only information that is specific to setting up
FLEXlm licensing software on Silicon Graphics workstations and servers.
Please refer to these documents, which are available online from IRIS
InSight, for complete information on administering a licensing scheme:
o FLEXlm End User Manual
o Network License System Administration Guide
Inst or Software Manager?
In addition to Inst, the command line interface, the inst utility
includes Software Manager, a graphical user interface to conventional
installations. Software Manager is documented separately in the
Personal System Administration Guide.
Because of its graphical features, Software Manager cannot be used
for miniroot installations. To perform miniroot installations, use Inst
and the instructions provided in Chapter 3 of this guide. Information
in Chapter 1 explains how to determine whether a miniroot installation
is necessary.
The operation of inst and the Inst and Software Manager interfaces
can be customized with a set of preferences. Use Chapter 8 as a
comprehensive reference for specifying preferences and for managing the
configuration files that store preference settings for both interfaces.
Installing Diskless Systems
IRIX Admin: Software Installation and Licensing does not explain how
to install software for diskless operation. Please refer to the
Diskless Workstation Administration Guide for instructions on
installing diskless systems.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright ⌐ 1995-96, Silicon Graphics, Inc.